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Arthur Wellesley (1769-1852), Duke of Wellington, is reputed to have been the one to exclaim ‘All good things come from England, but cavalry is not one of them’ while facing Napoleon’s French Army at Waterloo on June 18, 1815. Wellesley had learnt his military trade in India applying his study of the art of war and had became a master of the reverse-slope tactic – keeping his forces screened from artillery fire behind the brow of a hill. At Waterloo, however, Wellesley’s Armies were outwitted by Napoleon. The French Emperor had imitated Wellesley’s tactics by positioning 200 heavy artillery guns behind a ridge at La Haye Sainte. When the Hussars and Dragoons cavalrymen led by Lord Uxbridge attacked in the famous Charge of the Scots Greys, Napoleon commanded the guns on the topline of the ridge and one of the epic artillery bombardments in history began. It was at this very moment, at the height of the Charge and while his 3,000 cavalrymen were being slaughtered by the rapid artillery fire of Napoleon’s heavy guns, that the phlegmatic English General is reputed to have exclaimed his now famous remark, directed at Lord Uxbridge who had apparently ordered the Charge without Wellesley knowing it. The day was saved by Gebhard von Blucher (1742-1819), Field Marshal of Prussia, who led the assault of the Kaiser’s Prussian Cavalry against the French right wing, thus causing the entire French line to collapse.

Wellesley’s famous remark has been retouched several times throughout the years, depending on one’s point of view. The British dropped the second part – the reference to the ill-fated cavalry charge – thus creating the popular short version ‘All good things come from England’ – period. When about a century later Britain had the unwise idea of attacking the Ottoman Empire and the British and French Armies were fighting the Turks side-by-side in WWI, General Mustapha Kemal – the English-speaking Commander of the Turkish Garrison and victorious defender of Gallipoli – paraphrased the English dictum after 289 days of siege by turning it, somewhat deprecatingly, into: “No good things ever come from England”. And Mahatma Gandhi throughout his teachings of non-violent conflicts resolutions makes reference to the fact that “All good things come from India”.

Alas, no matter what your point of view is, I shall submit to readers of my Blog that “at least two good things comes from England” : Fee Simple Ownership and Organized Real Estate.

English real estate law (or ‘Estate Law’ as it was known back then) was imported, through colonization, into the earlier forms of law in the U.S.A., Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Many of these states, or their territories, have since modified this historical law, to varying degrees. A study of the old feudal land system of England provides us with an invaluable glimpse of legal history regulating the most valuable asset of them all: land. In medieval times, land was the sole form of wealth and it depended primarily on possession. You had it, you owned it. You wanted it, you fought for it. You found it, you kept it. There were no courts or police force ready to recognize or enforce “legal rights” as we know them today. All this changed with the Norman conquest of England in 1066. William decreed that he owned all of the land in England by right of conquest. Not one acre of England was to be exempted from this massive expropriation. This sudden vacuum of privately-held land was promptly filled by a variety of huge land grants given by the new King to either his Norman officers or to those of the English who were ready to recognize him as king. The device used by the King to control and administer his land was that of tenure. Tenure was the key component of the feudal system. The King struck a bargain with a Lord for a large chunk of land. The Lords that held their tenure directly from the King were called Tenants-in-chief. It was this group of persons who formed the basis of English aristocracy and began, by the process of subletting the King’s land, the implementation of the feudal system.

Tenures were of a variety of duration known as “estates” and the Fee Simple Estate was the most extensive and allowed the Tenant to sell or to convey by will or be transferred to the Tenant’s heir if he died. In modern law, almost all land is held in fee simple and this is as close as one can get to absolute ownership in common law. It was in this context that the British began their dominion over the seas and their explorations which led to the modern nations of Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States of America. The concept of developing an informal association of local real estate agents originated in the United States in the 1880s, and by the turn of the century about 15 Real Estate Boards had been established. The National Association of REALTORS® (NAR) was formed in the U.S. in 1908 with 19 boards and one state association. Organized real estate in Canada is almost as old as the country itself. The very first Real Estate Board was set up in 1888 in the growing community of Vancouver. Back then, a commercial lot on Hornby Street near the Hotel Vancouver sold for $600. The Vancouver Board – as it was known then – was active until the start of the First World War, when operations were suspended. It resumed in 1919, and has been operating ever since.

The distinction of the oldest, continuous running Board belongs to Winnipeg, Manitoba. It started in 1903, and the Winnipeg Real Estate Board was the first in Canada to celebrate its 100th anniversary. The Toronto Board was incorporated in 1920, followed by boards in Ottawa, Hamilton, Regina and Victoria in 1921. More than half of the existing Real Estate Boards in Canada were created after 1955, in part because of the evolution of the “Photo Co-Op System” that was introduced in 1951. That was the forerunner of today’s MLS®, introduced in 1962. The Co-op System not only created a need for an organization to establish rules and promote co-operation among agents, but also to provide funds to operate a real estate board. That’s when technology first changed the real estate industry.

Many that may look to pursue their masters in this field are those that most likely have a career or wish to pursue a career in government, public affairs or foreign relations just to name a few. Those who wish to study abroad and or volunteer in the peace corps may seek to expand their careers along this path concurrent with their occupation.

A masters in this field has many avenues in which the person who is seeking to pursue it may further their career path. Students of this field can look forward to a degree of various outlooks in areas such as government, political affairs, the non profit, public and private sectors.

There are other career areas of preparation that makes careers such as international affairs, charitable services and other like areas quite suitable for this type of degree. This degree can help those that are looking to enter these fields either in the United States or abroad.

When looking to pursue your masters in international management, there are a few schools that you will have to research in order to find what best suits your current situation. There are the tradition brick and mortar schools where you can continue your studies in your local area.

There are also many online schools that provide a curriculum that can also match your availability. When looking into the online schools, it is best to find the school that has a good academic history and can provide you with further opportunities once your courses work is complete.

Some schools offer field work and abroad internships that can give you on hand experience in the international management area. Whether it is dealing with current political affairs, international journalism or an abroad work experience, this will be key in having the opportunity to have hands on field experience that can propel your career upon completion of your studies.

Wouldn’t it be great if we could have software which could actually translate languages, one that would be as accurate as possible all the time? Apparently, it’s a lot more difficult than we think to get this done, and no one has been able to do it just quite right yet. The computers can understand what people are saying when they talk due to voice recognition, but computers don’t actually understand what is being said.

Machine language translation also doesn’t understand hyperbole, jokes, sarcasm, and although there are some computer programs that understand intensity, and emphasis, they don’t do very well translating it into another language. Not long ago, I was discussing this online with someone who spoke multiple languages, and even had a translation business with an actual humans in the translation process. He explained to me all the problems that can be caused by folks that don’t understand both languages intimately.

He also indicated that when you put a computer in between them, it is very hard to have any sort of intellectual conversation. Wow, excellent point. Indeed, I recall recently corresponding with someone online and we were arranging dates and times, and each using a “machine translation” Internet website, it was no use, both sides came out wrong, and it was obvious we needed to revert back to a single language we could both speak, or find someone who could.

The US military has tried translating devices in Iraq, but they end up with problems due to differences in dialect, in different regions. And although it is better than having no translation device, it is very easy to create additional problems that didn’t exist before you started the conversation. Thus, they slowed down the conversations, and lowered the simplicity of the discussion to stay in bounds the best they could, without causing a problem or being miss understood. This is something we very much need to work on, and I hope you will please consider this. Think on it.

Business education in the US is highly popular amongst students from all across the world because it is more practical, applied and current. The graduate and undergraduate courses offered by the best business colleges in the US offer applied learning through consulting engagements and other real time applications of learned business concepts. The United States boasts several good business colleges, known for their excellent curriculum, established corporate and alumni network, high level of interaction between the students and the faculty. MBA or Masters in Business Administration courses offered by the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton school and universities in Columbia, Harvard and Stanford are considered the best in the nation.

Courses Offered by the Best Business Colleges
Almost all the best business colleges in the US offer graduate and postgraduate business courses. The graduate courses require students to have 16 years of undergraduate education and are available on both full time and part time basis. Admission in these business colleges is possible through a common entrance examination, called the GMAT. Some business colleges also offer executive programs.

Some of the best business schools in the US are:

* Stanford University: The Stanford Graduate School of Business offers a two-year full time residential MBA program focusing on general business management. The college also offers a PhD program and the Stanford Sloan Program, a ten-month general management program for mid-career executives, leading to a master of science in management

* Harvard Business School: The college also offers doctoral programs in various streams of management.

* Kellogg School of Management, North Western University: This college offers both executive and international executive MBA programs.

* The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania: Offers students the option to earn dual or joint degrees in several business areas.

* MIT Sloan: Offers undergraduate, MBA and even doctoral programs.

* Columbia Business School

* Haas School of Business, University of California Berkeley

* The Fuqua School of Business, Duke University

* Chicago Graduate School of Business

* University of Michigan Business School, Ann Arbor

* Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth: The school offers only a full time MBA program

* New York University Stern School of Business

* The Anderson School at UCLA

* Yale School of Management: Offers MBA and PHD programs

There are several more good business colleges and universities offering courses in different streams of management that include marketing, insurance and finance.